Introduction

结构

Introduction

第一段，3句左右

• General description：总体描述，1句
• Details 1, 2, 3：细节描述（挖掘细节词，串联成句），1句
• Caption/Symbolic meaning：文字说明或象征寓意，1句

Body

第二段，意义阐释，5句左右

• Topic sentence：Symbolic meaning，主题句，象征寓意，1句（首段尾句写了象征意义，就换个说话再来一遍，不来也挺好）
• Argument：论证，3句左右，考研写作四大论证手段：Cause and Effect：因果论证、Exemplification：举例论证、联系现实，列数据：以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象（4）正反论证
• Summary：小结，概括论证，总结本段，1句

Conclusion

第三段，归纳结论/建议措施，4句左右

• Concluding sentence：结论句，呼应象征寓意，1句
• Suggestions 1、2：两句结论或两点建议（针对双方提建议），2句
• 包装结尾、展望未来：1句

模板

Introduction

• 主题句

简洁副词引出，Undeniably/ Obviously/ Evidently, + 主题

• 背景–反方–引入theses statement

Although phones have became a nessity to.., stendents are not …, in terms of 1..2..3.. Although students may benefit from…, phones should be banned because of 1..2..3

• 突出情绪：背景–反驳谁？反驳什么观点？–引出论题

Someone boasts/asserts that……, such ideas might sound plausible, but in my point of view, it is quite ridiculous/absurd. In other words,……

(Background information)Modern society has received as many criticisms as one can imagine. Among such negative claims, one sentence asserts that we modern people are no longer polite to others. (Working on the thesis statement)In my point of view, nothing can be more absurd than this. In other words, considerting the prevalence of online communication and scarce of freetime, we modern people are virtually more polite to each other.

Fairytales about friendship between poor and rich can be seen everywhere in our literature and films, giving popular mind the illusion that friendship goes beyond money. Such stories about “pure”friendship, however, do not reflect what happens in real world. In other words, it is hard, if not impossible, for poor and rich to be friends.

• 突出推理：背景–推理相关因素–引出论题

Many factors contribute to 。。。。, such as 。。。 and。。。。. In my point of view,。。。。。。

Many factors contribute to the maintenance of friendship, such as tolerance and mutual respect. In my point of view, competition will do harm to all these virtues, thus destroying friendship.

• 题目有图

As is illustrated/revealed/depicted in the picture/drawing above,………

• 回忆性文章

During the past ……, we had an unforgettable communication with ……, which would last long in our mind. ……

Body

• 3段

段主题句+ 反方不对+正方对（examples,evidence,cause and effect,compare and contrast） opposing point seem/like

• 展开论述

This activity plays an important educational role in our daily life. For one thing。。。For another。。。 Furthermore。。。 In short, we have broadened our horizon and known more about the culture of different area.

• 举例

Numerous examples/ inllustration can be given, but this/these will suffice.举例之前 This/These case(s) effectively clarify that…举例之后

• 正反例证：

Two examples that aptly illustrate this point(两个例子可以恰当的解释这个点) involve the fields of ( )

正面举例：One compelling argument in favor of a global university has to do with the fact that its faculty and students would bring diverse cultural and educational perspectives to the problems they seek to(努力做什么)solve.

反面举例：It might be tempting to(貌似吸引人的是)think(。。。。 ). However, in my view any such concerns are unwarranted(这种担心是毫无根据的), especially considering the growing awareness of(对什么越来越了解)( ).

• 引用论证

• Just as an old Chinese saying goes:……………..

• To further demonstrate the importance of …..,I would like to take a famous fable as a case in point.

Conclusion

• 强调观点

Nevertheless ,the opposition voice may persist objecting the decision arguing that(。。。。) However, in my view, such concerns are groundless, especially when considering the fact that…..

• 采取措施

Therefore, 。。take some useful measures to avoid。。。that is mentioned above

• 政府

appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws/ implement a fairer policy to。。。

• 倒装

Only in this way can we build up a harmonious family and society.

other

• 重要性

…… not only necessary, but also indispensable. ……play a significant/ increasingly vital role/part in our society……cannot be ignored

The importance of….has been overlooked until recently.

and that’s why we are supposed to emphasize its centre position in our society

• 优缺点

There is no doubt that (。。。。)has its drawbacks as well as merits.

• 关注

Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……

persuade sb. to be concerned and aware about…

• 责任

turn pressure into motivation which inspires us to do …….

regard 。。。 as a burden although it is their duty to 。。。。

They no longer care for~~; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for 。。

spare no effort to do sth.

词组

连接词

• 我认为：in my point of view/ in my perspective/ to begin with/ as far as I think
• 分开说：for one thing…for another…/
• 并列/递进：first and foremost/ furthermore/besides/and also/ moreover/ meanwhile/ in particular/ naturally
• 转折关系：even though, though, regardless of， however关系松 nevertheless紧
• 因果：accordingly 于是/for this reason 由于这个原因/ in order to/ as a result of 由……结/in this way 这样/consequently 结果，因此/due to 由于…/therefore 因而/because of 因为
• 对比：on the contrary/ in contrast with 和……成对/ vary\differ from/ compared with/A is not as … as B/ as well as
• 举例：for instance/a case in point 恰当的例子
• 总结：to sum up/ in short in general /generally speaking / /so强 therefore弱 in conclusion

常用词（替换）

倾向于 tend to，be prone to … 可能 may do -> be likely to do.. 部分地 partly，partail 许多 Many -> quite a few, vast amounts of… ,numerous, 相关 related -> relevant 保持 keep -> hold/ maintain/ preserve/ sustain 重要 important -> significant, crucial,essential 引起 cause -> lead to/ result in/ bring about/ give rise to/ engender, contribute to

contribute to/ be naturally associated with Represent 代表，symbolize 象征，epitomize 是•••的缩影， plays an important/significant … role in … provides an opportunity for … broaden their scope of knowledge 不担心 There is no need to worry too much about… 让步 Granded，it can be admitted that.. 物质和精神层面At the physical and the spiritual levels/layers

句型

— 倒装句：Only in this way can we solve this problem.

• 强调句：It is persistent work that is conducive to your grasping a considerable vocabulary.
• 虚拟语气：It is high time that we improved the present situation.
• There be/ With

Last modified on 2020-08-01